{"id":3953,"date":"2025-11-03T14:04:23","date_gmt":"2025-11-03T10:34:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/%d8%b4%d9%85%d8%b9-%d8%b2%db%8c%d8%b1-%d8%b3%d9%82%d9%81-%d8%aa%db%8c%d8%b1%da%86%d9%87-%d8%a8%d9%84%d9%88%da%a9\/"},"modified":"2026-02-14T11:19:18","modified_gmt":"2026-02-14T07:49:18","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d9%82%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a8-%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%81%d9%84-%d8%b3%d9%82","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%88%d9%82%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%86%d8%a7%d8%b3%d8%a8-%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b2%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%af%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%85%d8%a7%d8%aa-%d8%a3%d8%b3%d9%81%d9%84-%d8%b3%d9%82\/","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 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https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Triangular-Omega-Scaffolding2.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa-%d8%a7%d9%85%da%af%d8%a7-%d9%85%d8%ab%d9%84%d8%ab%db%8c\/\"><br \/>\n\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0646\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0644\u062b\u064a<br \/>\n<\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 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\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 (\u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0626 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0643\u064a\u0646 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\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 (ACI) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (BS)\u060c \u0648\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642. \u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0648\u0627 \u0645\u0639\u0646\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0631\u062d \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0625\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0628\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u064e\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0628\u0640 \u00ab\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062a\u00bb (Formwork Stripping Times) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u062d\u0627\u062b \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0651\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0648\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0648\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0647.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0641\u064a \u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0643\u0644\u0651\u064c \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0631\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062d\u062b \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0633\u0639) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 (\u0622\u0628\u0627) \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062d\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0651 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0646 7 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0622\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0632\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 28 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0629: IS 456:2000\u060c \u0648ACI 347\u060c \u0648BS 8110\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u064a IS 456:2000\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629. \u0641\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0647\u0648 14 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 7 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0646 4.5 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0648\u0635\u0649 \u0628\u0632\u0645\u0646 14 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u06487 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a (OPC) \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a\u0629 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 27 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629)\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 (ACI)\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u0633\u064a\u0645\u0627 ACI 347\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u064a\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 ACI 347.2R-17 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645 (Shoring) \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645 (Reshoring) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0646\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0635\u0651 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u0643\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ACI 347-04 (\u0648\u0647\u0648 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0646\u0633\u0648\u062e) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u062f 3.7 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062a \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ACI 318\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0648\u064a\u0631\u0643\u0651\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 ACI 318\u060c \u062e\u0635\u0648\u0635\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0628\u062f\u0621 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646) \u0628\u0639\u062f 12 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629\u060c \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0642 \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0634\u062f\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0646 70\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a BS 8110\u060c \u0641\u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0647 \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0623\u0646. \u0641\u0648\u0641\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u0651\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 7 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 6.7 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u060c \u064a\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 21 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u064a\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646:<\/p>\n<table style=\"border-collapse: collapse;width: 100%;text-align: center\" border=\"1\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"8\">\n<thead style=\"background-color: #f2f2f2\">\n<tr>\n<th style=\"width: 15.4801%\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 17.2185%\">\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 15.6457%\">\u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 21.606%\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \/ \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/th>\n<th style=\"width: 30.0497%\">\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/th>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 15.4801%\"><strong>IS 456:2000<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 17.2185%\">\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0647\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a (\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0643)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.6457%\">\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.606%\">14 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 30.0497%\">\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628 27\u00b0\u0645<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 15.4801%\"><strong>IS 456:2000<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 17.2185%\">\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0647\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a (\u062c\u0633\u0648\u0631 \u0648\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0643)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.6457%\">\u0645\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.606%\">7 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 30.0497%\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 15.4801%\"><strong>ACI 318<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 17.2185%\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629 (\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.6457%\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.606%\">\u062d\u062f \u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 12 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 30.0497%\">\u0628\u0634\u0631\u0637 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 15.4801%\"><strong>ACI 347 \/ 347.2R-17<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 17.2185%\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.6457%\">\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.606%\">\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u2265 70\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 30.0497%\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 15.4801%\"><strong>BS 8110<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 17.2185%\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u2264 6.7 \u0645)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.6457%\">\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.606%\">7 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 30.0497%\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0641\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a (Soffit Removal)<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 15.4801%\"><strong>BS 8110<\/strong><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 17.2185%\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a (\u0628\u062d\u0631 &gt; 6.7 \u0645)<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 15.6457%\">\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21.606%\">21 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 30.0497%\">\u0644\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0647\u0627\u062a<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0636\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u062f\u0651\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0633\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a 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\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 80 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a (\u0646\u062d\u0648 26.7\u00b0\u0645)\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f 7 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 89\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u0645\u0631 28 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 49\u066a \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 40 \u0641\u0647\u0631\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u062a (\u0646\u062d\u0648 4.4\u00b0\u0645). \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0631\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062a\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0631\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0642\u062f \u064a\u0635\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 10\u201314 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0637\u0621 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062e\u0637\u0631 \u062a\u0622\u0643\u0644 \u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u064a\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0639\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u062f\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645. \u064a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0639\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0651 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0651\u0628:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a (Type I \u0623\u0648 OPC):<\/strong><br \/>\n\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062d\u062f\u0651\u064e\u062f \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0632\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0627\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0651\u0628 (Type III):<\/strong><br \/>\n\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0628\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0633\u0637\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u062d\u0628\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u062e\u0641\u0651\u0636 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u062d\u0648 3 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062a\u0627\u062a (Type IV \u0648Type V):<\/strong><br \/>\n\u0635\u064f\u0645\u0651\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0623\u0628\u0637\u0623\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 (\u0646\u062d\u0648 14 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0632\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0646\u064a (Type II\u060c PPC\u060c PSC):<\/strong><br \/>\n\u064a\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0651\u0632 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0631\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u062f\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0624\u062e\u0630 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644 1.7 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0640 OPC.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a (w\/cm) \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a. \u0625\u0646 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0643\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u062a\u0646\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0631\u0651\u0650\u0639\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0641\u0651\u0636 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0625\u0644\u0649 2\u20133 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u0628\u063a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u062e\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0645\u062a\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 14 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 <a href=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/ar\/%d9%83%d9%85-%d9%8a%d8%b3%d8%aa%d8%ba%d8%b1%d9%82-%d8%b2%d9%85%d9%86-%d9%85%d8%b9%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ac%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ae%d8%b1%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%86%d8%a9\/\">\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629<\/a> (Curing) \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u0629 \u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0628\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u063a\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0631\u0637\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0641\u0627\u0641 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645 \u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0625\u0636\u0639\u0627\u0641 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0635\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0635\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0641\u0631\u064a\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u060c \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0632 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u0645\u0628\u0633\u0651\u0637. \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0634\u0645\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0645\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0631\u0646\u0627\u0645\u062c \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-4307 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0647-1\u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1536\" height=\"864\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0647-1\u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0647-1\u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0647-1\u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0647-1\u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0647-1\u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc-500x281.jpg 500w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/11\/\u0628\u062f\u0646\u0647-1\u0639\u0631\u0628\u06cc-150x84.jpg 150w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1536px) 100vw, 1536px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0631\u0628\u0637\u0647 \u0628\u0631\u0642\u0645 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u062f \u0637\u064f\u0648\u0651\u0631\u062a \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0633 \u0639\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0646:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Destructive Tests).<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Non-Destructive Tests).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 (Cylinder \/ Cube Test)<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0641\u0633 \u062e\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0645\u0651\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0639\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f 15\u00d715\u00d715 \u0633\u0645\u060c \u0623\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0642\u0637\u0631 15 \u0633\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 30 \u0633\u0645. \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064e\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062e\u0628\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0648\u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649\u060c \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0636\u0651\u064e\u0631 \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u062d\u0641\u0638 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0634\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0633. \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 3 \u06487 \u064814 \u064828)\u060c \u062a\u064f\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0636\u063a\u0627\u0637\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u00ab\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u00bb \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0637\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644 75\u066a \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 28 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627)\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u00ab\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0636\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u00bb (Maturity Method)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0629. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0639\u064f\u0648\u0644\u062c\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629 \u0633\u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0628\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u064a\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0651\u0631 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0646\u0636\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 (Maturity Method)<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0641\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u062d\u0633\u0651\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 SmartRock\u00ae) \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u062d\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0651\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062e\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062e\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0632\u0645\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0631\u0636\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0635\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0622\u0646\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u062a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062e\u0636\u0639 \u0644\u0644\u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639. \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Non-Destructive Tests &#8211; NDT)<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0635\u064f\u0645\u0651\u0645\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645 \u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062b \u0623\u064a \u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0645\u0641\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u064a\u062a\u0639\u0630\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628\u0647\u0627.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 (Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity &#8211; UPV)<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0623\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0639\u0629. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645 \u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0631 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0644\u0642 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4 style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0637\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f (Rebound Hammer \u2013 Schmidt Hammer)<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0646\u0627\u0628\u0636 \u0630\u064a \u0643\u062a\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 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style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/h4>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062d\u064f\u0641\u0638\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0648\u0623 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justify\">\u0648\u064a\u0639\u0648\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c 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\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f) \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0651\u0647 \u0623\u0648 \u0641\u0634\u0644. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u062d\u0630\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0644\u0639\u0632\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0648\u0623\u064a \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u062f \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0645\u0643\u0651\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0642\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062d\u062f\u0648\u062b \u062a\u0634\u0648\u0651\u0647 \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645. \u0648\u0628\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u060c \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0651\u062d \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0647.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 (\u0628\u0639\u062f 24 \u0625\u0644\u0649 48 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629).<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0642\u064a (\u0642\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 3 \u0625\u0644\u0649 7 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645).<\/li>\n<li>\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 (Props) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0645\u0646 7 \u0625\u0644\u0649 21 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3>\u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646. \u0625\u0630 \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a\u0629. \u0641\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0647\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u0648\u0627\u062f\u062b \u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u062d\u064a\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0631. \u0648\u0641\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u0638\u0645:<\/strong> \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0635\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621\u0647 \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0641\u062d\u0635 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0634\u062f\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0648\u0651\u0633\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0645\u062a\u0636\u0631\u0651\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629:<\/strong> \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 (Safety Nets) \u0648\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 (Toe Boards)\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u062a OSHA \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064c \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0639\u062f\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0648<a href=\"\/?product_cat=\u0633\u06cc\u0633\u062a\u0645-\u0647\u0627\u06cc-\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0628\u0633\u062a\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629<\/a> \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628\u0629:<\/strong> \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u062a\u062c\u0646\u0651\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0642\u0629 (Hammer) \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0636\u0631\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u0651\u064e\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0634\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u0635\u0651\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0636.<\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: justify\"><strong>\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 (Cycling Formwork):<\/strong> \u0625\u0646 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062c\u062f\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0651\u0631 \u0645\u0632\u0627\u064a\u0627 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0633\u0627\u0647\u0645 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0642\u062f \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0633\u0651\u064e\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631. \u0641\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0628\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 (A) \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 (Shores) \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644\u0647\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u00ab\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645\u00bb \u0623\u0648 \u00ab\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0645\u0639\u00bb (Reshoring)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u062a\u064f\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0647\u0642\u0629. \u064a\u064e\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0627 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0651 \u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0641\u0631\u0637\u0629.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0648\u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u062f\u0644\u064a\u0644 ACI 347.2R-17\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0646\u0649 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u062d\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0628\u0644\u0648\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Support Systems) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 (Backshores)\u060c \u0633\u0648\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0637\u0642 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0628\u0651 (Pour Strip) \u0623\u0648 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0625\u0630\u0627 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u0651\u0636\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0632 \u0642\u062f\u0631\u062a\u0647\u0627\u060c \u0641\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645 (Reshores).<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0641\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 (Release Agents) \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0635\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u062a\u0644\u0641 \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0639\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u0636\u064a \u0628\u0623\u0644\u0651\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0623\u0643\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0641 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0642\u062f \u0627\u0643\u062a\u0633\u0628\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645. \u0648\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u064b \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u064f\u0646\u0641\u0651\u064e\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0642 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062a \u0625\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0641\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u060c \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0648\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u062e\u0627\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0648\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0631\u062f \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0636\u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0645\u062a\u0643\u0631\u0631\u0629 (Cycle)\u060c \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0642\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0648\u062a\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0633 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0641\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0642\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0642\u0642\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u0648\u0651\u0647\u0627\u062a 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https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Round-column-formatting1-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Round-column-formatting1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Round-column-formatting1-500x500.jpg 500w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Round-column-formatting1-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Round-column-formatting1-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Round-column-formatting1.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86-%da%af%d8%b1%d8%af\/\">\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0631\u064a<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter 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href=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%a8%d9%86%d8%af%db%8c-%d9%81%d9%88%d9%86%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b3%db%8c%d9%88%d9%86\/\">\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 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alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0646\u062a\u064e\u062c\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u2013 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Hammer-scaffolding-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Hammer-scaffolding-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Hammer-scaffolding-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Hammer-scaffolding-500x500.jpg 500w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Hammer-scaffolding-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Hammer-scaffolding-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Hammer-scaffolding.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa-%da%86%da%a9%d8%b4%db%8c\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-2364 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0645-\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646-1-1-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 H Frame\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0631\u0648\u0641\u0629 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0643\u0644 H \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0641\u0631\u0627\u062c H\u060c \u0647\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062b\u0642\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0646\u064a H.\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0645-\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646-1-1-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0645-\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646-1-1-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0645-\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646-1-1-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0645-\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646-1-1-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0645-\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646-1-1-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0645-\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646-1-1-500x500.jpg 500w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u0641\u0631\u06cc\u0645-\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646-1-1.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/%d8%af%d8%a7%d8%b1%d8%a8%d8%b3%d8%aa-h-%d9%81%d8%b1%db%8c%d9%85\/\">\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 H Frame<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0623\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0645\u0629 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0630 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0635\u0628\u0651 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f 3 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645)\u060c \u0628\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 (Reshoring). \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0648\u0635\u064a \u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a ACI 347.2R-17 \u0628\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0651\u0628 \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0636\u0628\u0637 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2442 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u062c\u06a9-\u062d\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u06cc-\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631-\u0648-\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u062c\u06a9-\u062d\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u06cc-\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631-\u0648-\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u062c\u06a9-\u062d\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u06cc-\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631-\u0648-\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u062c\u06a9-\u062d\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u06cc-\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631-\u0648-\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u062c\u06a9-\u062d\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u06cc-\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631-\u0648-\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u062c\u06a9-\u062d\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u06cc-\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631-\u0648-\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u062c\u06a9-\u062d\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u06cc-\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631-\u0648-\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646-500x500.jpg 500w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/\u062c\u06a9-\u062d\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u062a\u06cc-\u062f\u06cc\u0648\u0627\u0631-\u0648-\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0646.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/%d8%ac%da%a9-%d8%ad%d9%85%d8%a7%db%8c%d8%aa%db%8c-%d8%af%db%8c%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%b1-%d9%88-%d8%b3%d8%aa%d9%88%d9%86\/\">\u062c\u0643 \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u062f\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0643\u0627\u062a U \u0623\u0648 \u0631\u0624\u0648\u0633 U (U Head Jacks) \u0643\u0639\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062d\u0645\u0651\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062d\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645 (Reshoring) \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0638 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0629. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0651\u0644 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0639\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0651\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u062d\u0633\u0628\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0646\u062a\u0627\u0626\u062c \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0623\u062f\u0642. \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062c\u0643\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0628\u062b\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u062a\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-1679 size-medium\" title=\"\u062c\u0643 \u064a\u0648 \/ \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u064a\u0648 (U Head Jack) \u2013 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0643 \u064a\u0648\" src=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/jack-U-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\u062c\u0643 \u064a\u0648 \/ \u0631\u0623\u0633 \u064a\u0648 (U Head Jack) \u2013 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0643 \u064a\u0648\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/jack-U-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/jack-U-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/jack-U-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/jack-U-500x500.jpg 500w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/jack-U-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/jack-U-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/jack-U.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/%d8%ac%da%a9-%db%8c%d9%88-u-head\/\">\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0643 \u064a\u0648<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0642\u0641 ECO \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0644\u0647 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062e\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0648\u062f\u0642\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0642\u0644\u0651\u0644 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u064f\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0651\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629. \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u064f\u0633\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u060c \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0634\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1645 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Modular-metal-formwork-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062c\u0627\u0647\u0632 \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Modular-metal-formwork-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Modular-metal-formwork-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Modular-metal-formwork-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Modular-metal-formwork-500x500.jpg 500w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Modular-metal-formwork-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Modular-metal-formwork-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/Modular-metal-formwork.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d9%81%d9%84%d8%b2%db%8c-%d9%85%d8%af%d9%88%d9%84%d8%a7%d8%b1\/\">\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-medium wp-image-1599 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/themes\/woodmart\/images\/lazy.svg\" data-src=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ECO-ceiling-mold-300x300.jpg\" alt=\"\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0642\u0641 ECO\u060c \u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644 \u0630\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0644\u064a\u0646 (\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0648\u0644\u064a\u062a) \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621\" width=\"300\" height=\"300\" srcset=\"\" data-srcset=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ECO-ceiling-mold-300x300.jpg 300w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ECO-ceiling-mold-200x200.jpg 200w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ECO-ceiling-mold-150x150.jpg 150w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ECO-ceiling-mold-500x500.jpg 500w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ECO-ceiling-mold-1024x1024.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ECO-ceiling-mold-768x768.jpg 768w, https:\/\/zemanco.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/05\/ECO-ceiling-mold.jpg 1100w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center\"><a href=\"https:\/\/zemanco.com\/%d9%82%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a8-%d8%b3%d9%82%d9%81-eco\/\">\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0633\u0642\u0641 ECO<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify\">\u0648\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0634\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\u064a (Plywood) \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0631\u0641\u0639 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u064a\u0633\u062a\u0637\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u062e\u0635\u064a\u0635 \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0622\u0645\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u060c 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style=\"text-align: justify\">\u062a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0651\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u062a \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0633\u0642\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0631\u062f\u064a. \u0648\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f\u0651 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0645\u0644\u061b \u0641\u0643\u0644\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u062a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0623\u062a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u064e\u0635\u064e\u0644\u0651\u064f\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0646\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a 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